在托福考试中,比较难得部分其实是写作,因为这个部分除了需要同学们平时的训练以外,还需要同学们掌握住大量的句型、词汇和语法,下面就来给同学们讲讲托福写作的transition words的妙用。
每个复习托福的同学都知道,托福写作非常重要的一点就是要做到“Displays unity, progression, and coherence ”(TOEFL OG, 6th edition, P203)。简单来说,就是我们写的作文需要体现统一性、层次发展以及整体的逻辑链接。这个要求具体要如何体现呢?除了助力在内容上体现之外,另外一个非常重要的方法就是在文中合理使用一些transition words,强化提升文章逻辑。
让我们来举例说明
以下为一位课上学员的写作练习:
First, choosing the individuals who think similarly to be the team members can maintain the peaceful working atmosphere. It can help us better understand the ideas of our team members and show the respect to others, which enables us to reach a sense of agreement to other members in our team. For instance, my Math teacher told me to do a project which required me to choose a teammate and I chose George because he shared similar ideas. We were both willing to make efforts to finish the project in the end. If I chose someone who had the different ideas than mine, there might be the conflicts or arguments between us.
仔细阅读后大现,这位同学的这个段落写作中,除了有语法表达问题和内容展开问题之外,还有一个非常明显的问题,就是段落内部的逻辑结构非常松散,整体性和联系性比较差。
而会出现这样问题的原因,是这位学员在写作中很少注意transition words的使用,除了在举例中使用了一个for instance之外别的地方基本上都没有transition words。
然而,本文每句话之间其实都拥有一定程度的逻辑关系,例如:
👉第一句和第二句之间其实是进一步解释的关系,可以加一个transition words,比如To be more specific;
👉第三句和第四句之间其实是一个隐性的因果关系,可以加一个As a consequence;
👉第四句和第五句之间是个对比转折关系,同样可以加一个On the contrary。
如此一来,文章就如下所示:
First, choosing the individuals who think similarly to be the team members can maintain the peaceful working atmosphere. (To be more specific,)It can help us better understand the ideas of our team members and show the respect to others, which enables us to reach a sense of agreement to other members in our team. For instance, my Math teacher told me to do a project which required me to choose a teammate and I chose George because he shared similar ideas. (As a consequence,) We were both willing to make efforts to finish the project in the end. (On the contrary,) If I chose someone who had the different ideas than mine, there might be the conflicts or arguments between us.
加上了这些简单的transition words之后,是不是发现文章的结构和逻辑性都得到了大幅度提升,通篇更加具有层次感,写作大意也更加一目了然。这也就是我们为什么一直强调大家要多用衔接词!
逻辑能力的提升并非一日而就,需要通过日积月累,从平时练习中就养成善用transition words的习惯。
summer vacation即将到来了,托福这样的语言成绩一般都是大学申请时的必备材料之一,同学们想利用好summer vacation进阶自己的托福成绩吗?那就赶紧来参加唯寻的托福复习班吧,不同的班型应对不同基础的学员,让您看到复习效果。
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托福写作personalities话题怎么写呢?这些写作思路一定能启发你
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筑梦牛剑/G5/常春藤