ALEVEL物理考试基本一定会考杠杆类问题,由于这类题目整体上不难,所以如果丢分是非常可惜的。本文就结合ALEVEL物理真题来和大家聊聊这类题的正确解法,让你大考发挥更稳定。
ALEVEL物理分为AS和A2(International A2)两个阶段
以EDEXCEL考试局为例,按照考试划分,Alevel物理一共有六个单元,分别是:
Unit1:Physics on the Go
Unit2:Physics at Work
Unit3: Exploring Physics
Unit4:Physics on the Move
Unit5:Physics from Creation to Collapse
Unit6: Experimental Physics
其中Unit 1、2、3是IAS考试,Unit 4、5、6是IA2考试。
Unit 1、2满分80,Unit 3满分50,Unit 4、5满分90,Unit 6满分50。
AS的时候物理需要考Paper1、2、3,A2的时候需要考Paper 4、5。Paper 1是选择题,Paper2、4是大题,Paper 3、5是实验题。相对来说,paper2比较困难,因为题目的灵活性比较强,而且需要背的定义概念比较多。
题目
A metal girder AB, of weight 1080 N and length 6m, rests in equilibrium in a horizontal position on two supports, one at C and one at D, where AC= 0.5m and BD= 2m, as shown in Figure 1. A boy of weight 400 N stands on the girder at B and the girder remains horizontal and in equilibrium. The boy is modelled as a particle and the girder is modelled as a uniform rod.
(a) Find
(i) the magnitude of the reaction on the girder at c,
(ii) the magnitude of the reaction on the girder at D.
The boy now stands at a point E on the girder, where AE = x metres, and the girder remains horizontal and in equilibrium. Given that the magnitude of the reaction on the girder at D is now 520 N greater than the magnitude of the reaction on the girder at c,
(b) find the value of x.
(5)
ALEVEL物理真题解析
(a) 主要就是分别求出来C点和D点的支持力
我们可以去任意点作为力矩分析的点,但最好选择C和D点来做分析。
■ 根据examiner’s report:
In part (a) most either took moments about a point and resolved vertically or, alternatively, took moments about two different points (usually C and D). The first method had the disadvantage that a mistake in the moments equation meant both reaction values would be wrong. Nevertheless, errors were relatively rare and many correct answers were seen.
(b) 主要是当重物移动后,两个支持力之间有关系表达,求重物移动的距离。
因为题干有变化,我们要重新对支持力进行分析,然后对相关的力与力臂一一对应,然后结合我们要求的距离进行整理。
■根据examiner’s report:
In part (b) not all students interpreted correctly in the information that the reaction at D was 520N greater than the reaction at C. Occasionally a reaction of just 520N was used, or values for the reactions from part (a) were seen. These errors led to no credit being awarded.
在解决这类ALEVEL物理真题的时候要注意以下几点:
■ 杆是否是均匀的
■支持力之间是否有数量关系
■一个是向上的力要与向下的力平衡
■每个力要对应标出力臂
■顺时针的力矩要与逆时针的力矩平衡
■当分析旋转极限的时候,旋转点承受所有的支持力(其他支点不受力)
今日份ALEVEL物理真题解析就到这里,希望能帮大家彻底搞定杠杆类问题。
ALEVEL物理的计算题还不算难,但其他题型会涉及复杂内容、超高的数学要求以及各种实验元素。如果在大考前你觉得需要加强物理或其他科目的解题思维与技巧的指导,可以点击预约试听【唯寻AS复习冲刺班】——
知名大学海归ALEVEL导师授课
根据学校进度与学员个人情况定制课程
精准狙击必考知识点
指导采分点和答题要求
深挖考试难点
训练考试状态
无论打分规则怎样变化都锁定A*
唯寻学员。
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