IGCSE英语考试有哪些必会答题技巧?高级替换帮你快速get总结题

有不少同学都觉得IGCSE英语考试里的总结题（Summary）有点难，因为它要求由一个点写出一段话，还不能抄原文。所以本文就来和大家分享一些这类题的答题技巧。难题拿下了，A*就不远了。

IGCSE英语考试基本介绍

IGCSE英语语言有EFL和ESL两个等级。EFL（English First Language）是将英语作为母语来学习；ESL（English Second Language）是将英语作为除母语外的二外来学习。 

以大部分国际生选的IGCSE英语第二语言为例，IGCSE英语考试形式如下：

• 核心课程需要考paper1，paper3和component 5。（核心课程评分范围C-G）

• 扩展课程需要考paper2，paper4和component 5。（扩展课程评分范围A*-E）

Paper1和 Paper2 是阅读和写作（Reading and Writing），考生需要完成6个包含阅读文章和写作技能测试的练习。

Paper3和 Paper4是听力（Listening），考生需要从长短文字语境里捕捉关键信息和观点，完成包括简答题、填空题、连线题、选择题等形式的问题。

所有选择核心或扩展课程都必须要参加第5部分：即口语考试。

IGCSE英语考试答题技巧

我们先来看一道IGCSE英语真题：

【Read the article about becoming an astronaut.
Write a summary about the requirements for becoming an astronaut.
Your summary should be about 100 words long (and no more than 120 words long). You should use your own words as far as possible.
You will receive up to 8 marks for the content of your summary, and up to 8 marks for the style and accuracy of your language.】

How to become an astronaut

Becoming an astronaut is a dream that many people have had since childhood. It can be very difficult to meet even the basic requirements, which makes it a hard job to get, but it's also one of the most exciting and rewarding things that anyone can do.
If you decide to apply and happen to be rejected the first time, all is not lost. One astronaut applied fourteen times to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) before he was accepted. The high level of motivation he showed by applying a fifteenth time was one of the key qualities NASA wanted, making him just the kind of person they were looking for!
Many people think that astronaut applicants must come from a military background, for example from the army or the air force. However, many successful applications now come from those with a non-military career. No matter what background applicants may have, they need at least a first degree in a relevant subject, like engineering. Many astronauts have a higher degree in their field of study, such as a master's or a doctorate, but this is not vital. However, space agencies will always look for someone who can demonstrate they have a love of learning.
It takes more than education to be selected as an astronaut, however. NASA, for example, wants at least three years of professional experience in a related field.
Candidates must also pass a series of demanding physical tests. Regular checks will be made on every potential astronaut's blood pressure, so this cannot be too high. Perfect eyesight, either naturally or with corrective lenses such as glasses, is hugely important - your own life, and the lives of other crew members will rely on your vision. Also, given that a lot of the tasks astronauts have to carry out when in space are manual in nature, anyone hoping to become one of the few people who make it into space will need to be very good with their hands.
There are no specific age restrictions and astronauts selected in the past have ranged between the ages of 25 and 46, with the average being in the mid-thirties. What is specified though is that you must be within the minimum and maximum heights, and these differ according to the space agency you wish to apply to.
A typical space mission on the International Space Station these days lasts for around six months. Some astronauts even stay for as long as a year. The ability to work as a team member is therefore of high importance as, during this time, astronauts live in close contact with a crew of up to five other people.
So if you still think you have everything you need to become an astronaut, what are you waiting for? After all, for an astronaut, the sky's the limit!

此类IGCSE英语考试题的解题步骤有3步：

01 仔细读题

Summary的题型并非需要同学们去总结全文，而是它抛出一个点，需要同学们能够在文章里面找到跟这个相似的点，然后把这些点写成一段文字。

从这道题，你可以看到，它要求的是总结 the requirements for becoming an astronaut （成为一名宇航员，有哪些要求？）除了内容的要求，题目还有字数要求：

Your summary should be about 100 words long (and no more than 120 words long). Youshould use your own words as far as possible.  

（题目中要求了字数范围需要控制在100-120个字里，那大家就不能少也不能抄）

02 从文中找到相关点

走到了这个步骤，就需要同学们仔细地通读全文了，以这道题为例，我们可以找到的所有的点包括：

1. (high levels of) motivation
2. first degree in a relevant subject
3. love of learning
4. three years of professional experience in a related field
5. pass a series of demanding physical tests / be in good health 6. blood pressure cannot be too high
7. perfect eyesight :
8. be very good with their hands ;
9. be within the minimum and maximum heights
10. ability to work as a team member

03 开始替换

找到了所有的点之后，我们就可以开始写summary了。因为这是决定你能否拿到高分的关键。IGCSE英语考试是不让抄原文的，那同学们怎样才能把文章里的话转化成为自己的话呢？

方法一：关键词的同义词替换

原文中里面有一个点：space agencies will always look for someone who can demonstrate they have a love of learning.

我们可以用show代替demonstrate，用passion代替love。

可以写成：People who show passion for learning are highly valued by space agencies.

方法二：主动句被动句转换

原文中里面有一个点：NASA, for example, wants at least three years of professional experience in a related field.

这句话是主动句，在改写时，我们可以把它变成被动句：

At least three years of professional experience in a related field is required by NASA.

方法三：全句改写（意思不变）

举个例子：The ability to work as a team member is therefore of high importance，这句话表达的观点就是团队精神非常重要，在summary的时候，我们可以用自己的话表达出这个意思就可以了。

比如：Teamwork is crucial in this field.

IGCSE英语考试答题技巧就分享到这里。学好IGCSE英语是很重要的，先不说能力方面的提升。许多英国大学明确表示，如果学员的IGCSE英语第一语言甚至第二语言达到B，学员可以免交雅思的成绩。大家如果IG英语学好了，申请的时候就不用像有的同学一样苦哈哈地刷雅思了。

当然，很多学员刚学IG英语的时候，都会碰到纯英语授课无所适从、教学模式突变无法适应等问题。如果不想错过复习的关键期，可以利用假期来预习新课，欢迎点击预约试听【唯寻IGCSE暑期先行班】——

唯寻教学天团授课，

帮助学员稳稳过渡国际课程适应期，

迅速掌握重要知识点的学习方法，

知识积累、考试技巧、习惯养成，习题训练逐一击破，

省去孤独复习走弯路的时间，

从源头拉高学员成绩竞争力。

更多IGCSE学习攻略点击

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