如何快速的做完托福阅读题目 简化语句是节约做题时间的关键

托福阅读有着大量的题目，但是留给同学们的做题时间却不多，因此如何快速的做完托福阅读题是很多同学苦恼的问题，下面就来给大家讲讲如何利用简化语句节约做题时间。

语句的构成很简单，主要由语句= 骨干 + 润饰

逻辑

①骨干是主谓或许主谓宾结构，是一个语句建立必不可少的成分。

②润饰是对主谓宾或整个语句进行润饰的部分。

③逻辑是语句内部之间的信息联系，比方因果、转机、并排等。

由于语句简化题调查的是长难句，所以大多数时候都包括这3大要素。

题干剖析

所谓知己知彼，攻无不克。因而要霸占语句简化题，咱们就有必要要从语句简化题题干下手：

Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

语句简化题的题干很友爱，一共给了3点提示：一点个正确选项特征和两点过错选项特征，

正确选项特征：最恰当地表达了中心信息( the essential information)

过错选项特征：改动原句意思(change the meaning)

过错选项特征：遗失中心信息( the essential information)

过错选项：遗失骨干

题干首要清晰表明正确选项最恰当地表达了 the essential information(中心信息)。语句的中心信息是由骨干表达出来的，所以正确选项首要有必要得有骨干。而缺失骨干就会出犯题干中提及的过错选项中的遗失中心信息( the essential information)这一点。

咱们来看个比如Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms. (TPO 1)

A. When they are relatively young, hills and mountains successfully resist

the destructive forces of nature.

B. Although they seem permanent, hills and mountains exist for a relatively short period of geological time.

C. Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms.

咱们先把这句话的三要素找出来，but是逻辑联系词，其余部分是润饰;

比如：Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms. (TPO 1)

那咱们来看所给选项C：

Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

该选项缺失了骨干Hills and mountainsare often regarded as the epitome of permanence， 相反，选用原句的润饰成分，即successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature，来假充骨干。

那么咱们再来看一下选项D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms. 该选项的骨干也被置换成了润饰successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, 所以也是过错的。

过错选项的特征之一是缺失了原句骨干。

所以最常见的过错选项之一就是骨干缺失。可是过错选项作为语句自身，也有必要得有骨干。为了迷惑咱们，命题者会用原句中的润饰假充骨干。在这里就要求咱们清楚区别原句中骨干和润饰。

过错选项：改动原句意思

那咱们再看一下另一个过错选项的特征，即改动原句意思(change the meaning)。 由于语句是由三要素(骨干+逻辑+润饰)构成，所以改动原文意思(change the meaning)就触及三个层面，即改动骨干、逻辑和润饰。

由于逻辑联系往往由联系词表明，比较好辨认，咱们先看改动逻辑联系这一过错选项特征。

过错选项：改动逻辑

仍是以这句话为例Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms. (TPO 1)

A. When they are relatively young, hills and mountains successfully resistthe destructive forces of nature.

B. Although they seem permanent, hills and mountains exist for a relatively short period of geological time.

C. Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms.

这句话的逻辑联系由联系词“but” 表明，表比照之意。所以只需选项之中将比照逻辑联系词进行置换就都是过错的。

很快的能够看出B、C选项逻辑联系词的Although 和but 有比照之意，有可能是正确选项，D选项中有一个暗含的逻辑联系better than, 是一种隐性的比照，所以也可能正确。而A选项中只要表明时间的When，改动了原句的转机逻辑，所以过错。再依据前文咱们的剖析，发现C、D都骨干缺失，过错。所以，正确选项为B。

小结：句间逻辑通常由连词担任，是表明杂乱语句的信息联系，最常见的逻辑联系是因果、比照和并排等。所以咱们能够通过逻辑连词快速排出过错选项，进步正确率。

过错选项：改动骨干

再来一个比如The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.

A Even though Ambulocetus swam by moving its body up and down, it did not have a backbone.

B The backbone of Ambulocetus, which allowed it to swim, provides evidence of its missing fluke.

C Although Ambulocetus had no fluke, its backbone structure shows that it swam like modern whales.

D By moving the rear parts of their bodies up and down, modern whales swim in a different way from the way Ambulocetus swam.

首要，咱们仍是找出原句的三要素。

The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.Even though Ambulocetus swam by moving its body up and down, it did not have a backbone.

和原句比较，逻辑联系对上了，Ambulocetus swam对应上了，可是it did not have a backbone改动了否定，由于原句中是有backbone的，没有的事fluke。事实上，命题者是成心混杂backbone和fluke，看咱们能否区别概念。

小结：骨干在选项中呈现了，可是却在必定程度上做了改动。这样的选项也是过错的。

过错选项：改动润饰

仍是以这句为例：

The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.

咱们来看B选项：

The backbone of Ambulocetus, which allowed it to swim, provides evidence of its missing fluke.

该句中一个明显的润饰是定语从句 which allowed it to swim，而原句中是没有这个润饰联系的，所以该选项改动了润饰，是过错选项。

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