中国学员在托福考试中最弱的项目应该是写作与听力了,很多大学在录取时,对于申请者的托福单项成绩都有极高的要求,那么今天给大家谈谈托福独立写作应该怎么写?以下这些托福独立写作的要点大家一定要熟记于心。
托福独立写作要点:
TOEFL考试的独立写作在综合写作之后,是整场TOEFL考试的最后一个环节,答题时间为30分钟,从考生看到题目起开始计时。独立写作之所以“独立”,是因为它只考察考生的写作能力,需要考生针对一个话题发表自己的看法。独立写作模拟的是学员在美国校园中常写的Essay作业。和GRE中的AW写作部分一样,TOEFL独立写作也有Direction(写作指令)要求,只不过所有的独立写作只有1种Direction,共3句话:
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Be sure to use your own words.
Do not use memorized examples.
托福独立写作字数:
独立写作最少要写300词,如果写不到300词,内容往往展开不充分,对分数会有很大影响。此外,虽然独立写作没有字数上限,但是不要为了凑字数而写作。比起字数多少,更关键的是观点展开的质量和文字水平,一般建议考生写400词。不用刻意练习打字,用24分钟写完400词,平均每个单词用时为3.75s。如果你写不完,往往是你大脑里面没有内容,不知道怎么展开;当然如果单纯因为英文写作练的少,打字慢,建议先练习10篇综合写作熟悉键盘。
托福独立写作框架:
动笔之前,要将题干仔细阅读至少2遍,确保自己审题没有出现误差,避免跑题。同时,可以在草稿纸上列出写作提纲,帮助自己确定文章框架。尽可能在27分钟内完成文章的构思和写作,剩余的3分钟用于通读全文做检查,减少语法错误和拼写错误,这是进阶最终写作分数的重要环节。独立写作建议采用总-分-总结构,文章分4-5个段落:第1段是开头段(60词),中间2-3个主体段(100词-150词),最后1段是结尾段(40词)。其中,开头段和结尾段写作时间不建议超过8分钟,只需交代清楚自己的立场和概述分论点即可。中间主体段展开充分、逻辑连贯才是拿到高分的关键。独立写作中,每个主体段一定要举例。在《TOEFL官方指南》中明确表示真实和虚构的例子都是可接受的,列举个人生活中的例子也是可接受的。所以没有必要刻意记忆背诵所谓的“名人名例“,生搬硬套这种例子反而会降低你的分数。
托福独立写作评分:
TOEFL写作评分会由Human-Rater(人类评分员)和E-Rater(电子评分员)共同打分,两者分数加权给出最终分数。人类评分更在意是否切题、话题展开程度、例子的相关性;而电子评分更看重定量指标和语言质量(如写作字数、平均句子长度、逻辑连接词个数、不重复单词个数、多音节复杂单词个数等)。
独立写作会从3个维度进行评分:
1. Development(文章展开): 使用清晰、恰当的理由、例子来展开论点
2. Organization(文章结构):分段写作,段落之间、段落内部是否逻辑连接顺畅
3. Language Use(语言使用):句型多样,选词恰当,语言错误少
独立写作建议在考前针对不同的题型(对比类、2选1、3选1)进行分类练习,每一类至少写作3篇。同时,可以利用历年真题进行提纲写作训练,思考每个题目的立场和分论点,避免在考场上见到题目无话可说。
下面给大家带来一些托福独立写作常考的话题,在托福独立写作中,有十类常考的话题,以下是话题分类和相关题目举例。
全球化影响
There is a disagreement on the impact of increased business and culture contact between countries on a country’s identity. What is your opinion?
政府投资
People should keep all the money they earn and should not pay taxes to the state. Do you agree or disagree?
科技影响
Many employees may work at home with modern technol**y. Some people claim that it benefits only workers, but not employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
文化类
It is more important for a building to serve its purposes than to look beautiful. Architects do not need to worry about whether it is a real work of art. Do you agree or disagree?
生活工作
Some people think that changing jobs periodically is good. What is your opinion?
传媒类
Some people suggest that there should be restrictions on a detailed description of crimes in the newspapers and on television. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
广告类
There are many advertisements directed at children. Parents argue that children are misled, while advertisers consider advertising a source of useful information. What is your opinion?
环境类
It is said that the best way to solve the world’s environmental problems is to increase the price of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
动物类
Far too little has been done to prevent animals and plants from dying out, although people have noticed this problem for a long time. Why have people failed to improve this situation? What are your suggestions?
教育类
Some people believe that educating children alt**ether will benefit them. Others think intelligent children should be taught separately and given special courses. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
以上就是给大家准备的有关托福写作的内容了,大家在平时一定要避免托福独立写作误区,不要刻意选择使用复杂词汇,也不要生搬硬套复杂句子结构。想知道更多托福的复习技巧以及写作方法吗?那就赶紧点击【预约试听】参加唯寻的托福秋季基础班,带你写作冲上25分。
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筑梦牛剑/G5/常春藤