IB历史考点之Lytton Report介绍 给你很高效的复习干货

在所有IB文科类的科目中，历史是比较受欢迎的一门科目，但是IB历史的满分率一直不高，选修IB历史的同学想要考取高分对于知识点的掌握就一定能够要熟记于心。下面给大家讲讲IB历史考点的李顿报告，来看看今天给大家准备的知识点吧！【IB历史必考考点 太阳王路易十四和他的统治下的法国】

IB历史考点之Lytton Report介绍

李顿报告（Lytton Report）

时间：1932年

人物：国际联盟（League of Nations）、日本、中国

事件：李顿报告（Lytton Report）是由国际联盟的李顿调查团在1932年发表的报告，用以协助调查及解决1931年的日本及中国之间发生的九一八事变。

九一八事变是指1931年9月18日在中国东北爆发的一次军事冲突和政治事件，冲突双方是中国国民革命军东北边防军和日本关东军。日本军队炸毁自己控制的南满铁路，借口称中国军队所为，因此侵占沈阳。三个月之内，日本关东军侵占东北三省全境，1932年3月1日日本建立傀儡政权满洲国。

国际联盟（League of Nations)，简称国联，成立于1920年1月10日，是第一次世界大战结束，在巴黎和会召开后组成的跨政府组织，也是世界上第一个以维护世界和平为其主要任务的国际组织。国际联盟的成立目的如《国际联盟盟约》所述，包括通过集体安全及军备控制来预防战争，借由谈判及仲裁来平息国际间的纷争。

Lytton Report真题原文

November 2018 History Paper 1

Prescribed subject 3: The move to global war

Source I

The Lytton Report (4 September 1932).

Without declaration of war, a large area of what was indisputably Chinese territory has been forcibly seized and occupied by the armed forces of Japan and has, in consequence of this operation, been separated from and declared independent of the rest of China.

The steps by which this was accomplished are claimed by Japan to have been consistent with the obligations of the Covenant of the League of Nations, the Kellogg–Briand Pact and the Nine-Power Treaty of Washington, all of which were designed to prevent action of this kind …

The justification has been that all the military operations have been legitimate acts of self-defence, the right of which is implicit in all the multilateral treaties mentioned above, and was not taken away by any of the resolutions of the Council of the League.

Further, the administration which has been substituted for that of China in Manchuria is justified on the grounds that its establishment was the act of the local population, who spontaneously asserted their independence, severed all connection with China and established their own government. Such a genuine independence movement, it is claimed, is not prohibited by any international treaty or by any of the resolutions of the Council of the League of Nations.

[Source: The Lytton Report (4 September 1932). Copyright United Nations Archives at Geneva.]

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