2019年IGCSE英语真题解析 挑不出毛病的Summary就该这么写

Summary是IGCSE英语的新题型，而且要求考生必须用自己的语言来归纳总结，对于IG年级的学员来说还是有一定难度的。所以我们今天结合一道2019IGCSE英语真题，聊聊Summary的正确解题思路，以及如何又快又好地用自己的语言转述原文吧。

IGCSE英语真题解析

3步教你写出完美SURMMARY

很多同学认为Summary这种题型的难度非常大。因为这是一个比较新的题型。Summary需要同学们有着不错的总结归纳能力，写作能力也很重要，因为Summary部分明确要求考生要用自己的话来写，不能照抄原文中的句子。

原题：

How to become an astronaut

Becoming an astronaut is a dream that many people have had since childhood. It can be very difficultto meet even the basic requirements, which makes it a hard job to get, but it's also one of the mostexciting and rewarding things that anyone can do.

If you decide to apply and happen to be rejected the first time, all is not lost. One astronaut appliedfourteen times to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) before he was accepted.The high level of motivation he showed by applying a fifteenth time was one of the key qualities NASAwanted, making him just the kind of person they were looking for!

Many people think that astronaut applicants must come from a military background, for examplefrom the army or the air force. However, many successful applications now come from those with anon-military career. No matter what background applicants may have, they need at least a first degreein a relevant subject, like engineering. Many astronauts have a higher degree in their field of study,such as a master's or a doctorate, but this is not vital. However, space agencies will always look forsomeone who can demonstrate they have a love of learning.

It takes more than education to be selected as an astronaut, however. NASA, for example, wants atleast three years of professional experience in a related field.

Candidates must also pass a series of demanding physical tests. Regular checks will be made on everypotential astronaut's blood pressure, so this cannot be too high. Perfect eyesight, either naturally orwith corrective lenses such as glasses, is hugely important - your own life, and the lives of other crewmembers will rely on your vision. Also, given that a lot of the tasks astronauts have to carry out whenin space are manual in nature, anyone hoping to become one of the few people who make it into spacewill need to be very good with their hands.

There are no specific age restrictions and astronauts selected in the past have ranged between the agesof 25 and 46, with the average being in the mid-thirties. What is specified though is that you must bewithin the minimum and maximum heights, and these differ according to the space agency you wish toapply to.

A typical space mission on the International Space Station these days lasts for around six months. Someastronauts even stay for as long as a year. The ability to work as a team member is therefore of highimportance as, during this time, astronauts live in close contact with a crew of up to five other people.So if you still think you have everything you need to become an astronaut, what are you waiting for?After all, for an astronaut, the sky's the limit!

SURMMARY IGCSE英语真题解题步骤

步骤1：认真读题

Summary题型并不是要求我们总结全文，而是给出了一个点，要我们去文章中找出跟这个相关的点，把这些点写成一段文字。

以这道题为例：

题目要求我们总结 the requirements for becoming an astronaut 要成为宇航员，有哪些要求？

除了内容要求，题目还有字数要求：

题目里明确表示，字数范围应该控制在100-120个字这个范围里，不能少也不能超。最重要的是：要尽可能多的用自己的话，不要从原文照抄！

最后，题目里还写明了评分标准：

总分：16分 （8分为内容分，8分为语言分）

内容分评判标准：考生能否从文章中找出所有相关的点

语言分评判标准如下：

步骤2：在文章中找出所有相关的点

到了这个步骤，就需要我们仔细地通读全文了，以这道题为例，我们可以找到的所有的点包括：

1. (high levels of) motivation

2. first degree in a relevant subject

3. love of learning

4. three years of professional experience in a related field

5. pass a series of demanding physical tests / be in good health

6. blood pressure cannot be too high

7. perfect eyesight

8. be very good with their hands

9. be within the minimum and maximum heights

10. ability to work as a team member

步骤3：写summary

找到了所有的点，我们就可以开始写summary了，这一部分是最难，也是决定我们能否拿到高分的关键。

题目要求里明确表示不能照抄原文了，那我们怎样才能把文章里的话变成自己的话呢？菌菌给大家传授几个好用的方法：

1. 同义词替换

举个例子：

原文里有一点是：space agencies will always look for someone who can demonstrate they have a love of learning.

改写的时候，我们可以用show代替demonstrate，用passion代替love。

可以写成：People who show passion for learning are highly valued by space agencies.

2. 主动句被动句转换

举个例子：

原文里有一点是：NASA, for example, wants at least three years of professional experience in a related field.

这句话是主动句，在改写时，我们可以把它变成被动句：

At least three years of professional experience in a related field is required by NASA.

3. 全句改写（意思不变）

举个例子：The ability to work as a team member is therefore of high importance，这句话表达的观点就是团队精神非常重要，在summary的时候，我们可以用自己的话表达出这个意思就可以了。

比如：Teamwork is crucial in this field.

SRUMMARY题型的IGCSE英语真题解析就到这里，希望能帮助你快速定位这类题的解题思路。

由于英国多所大学都将IGCSE英语列为可代替雅思成绩的语言考试，其中包括G5知名大学UCL，而且IGCSE英语（第二语言）考试难度要低于雅思，所以在IG阶段拿到英语高分是非常有必要的，能帮助你在ALEVEL阶段省掉考雅思的时间。但IGCSE英语替代雅思是有门槛的，如果你没有达到分数线，或者在其他科目的学习上遇到了问题，点击预约试听【IGCSE同步培训班】——

唯寻教学天团授课

独有解题视角

超强带分能力

帮助学员复习不同考试局的重难点知识和高频考点

结合历年真题进行讲解

全面提升归纳、审题、表达等学术能力

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